Adolescent but Not Adult Rats Exhibit Ethanol-Mediated Appetitive Second-Order Conditioning
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Ethanol induces second-order aversive conditioning in adolescent and adult rats.
Alcohol abuse and dependence are considered public health problems, with an etiological onset often occurring during late childhood and adolescence, and understanding age-related differences in ethanol sensitivity is important. Low to moderate ethanol doses (0.5 and 2.0 g/kg, intragastrically [i.g.]) induce single-trial, appetitive second-order place conditioning (SOC) in adolescent, but not ad...
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BACKGROUND Ethanol (EtOH) binge drinking is an increasingly common behavior among teenagers that induces long-lasting neurobehavioral alterations in adulthood. An early history of EtOH abuse during adolescence is highly correlated with cocaine addiction in adulthood. Abstinence of cocaine abuse can cause psychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety, psychosis, depression, and cognitive impairments. Th...
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Limited-lifetime Gabor stimuli were used to assess both first- and second-order motion in peripheral vision. Both first- and second-order motion mechanisms were present at a 20-deg eccentricity. Second-order motion, unlike first-order, exhibits a bias for centrifugal motion, suggesting a role for the second-order mechanism in optic flow processing.
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Associative conditioning in Drosophila melanogaster has been well documented for several decades. However, most studies report only simple associations of conditioned stimuli (CS, e.g., odor) with unconditioned stimuli (US, e.g., electric shock) to measure learning or establish memory. Here we describe a straightforward second-order conditioning (SOC) protocol that further demonstrates the flex...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0145-6008,1530-0277
DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00789.x